In early hominids, aspects of bipedalism were seen in quadrupeds. But why was there a change? Well, for one, bipedalism became a much more efficient way of walking compared to quadrupedalism. Because of our longer legs and new muscles like the gluteus maximus, we are able to take strides with our legs which uses less muscle and energy compared to quadrupedal knuckle walking as seen in gorillas. In the lab, we saw from station 2 that walking on all fours was much less efficient compared to on two feet as the average times were almost double for walking on all fours.
9. The other two anatomically significant parts of the body would be the foot and the pelvis. Cerebral primacy has to do with the size of the brain and the ability to walk up right. 10. “Lucy” fits into the Cerebral Primacy hypothesis because she walked up-right but had a small brain.
There was a minor mass extinction toward the end of the Jurassic period. A stegosaurus had a large, flat, bony, triangular plates along its back . As well as a heavy, spiked tail for protection. A stegosaurus also had a very small head with a tiny brain and toothless beak . Their brain size can be compared to a size of a walnut.
This being said, there was definitely room for some sort, although small, measurement reading error. 2. Data from teenagers would give more variable results than data collected from adults because although some may be finished, a lot of teenagers are not finished growing yet. This meaning that the variables found are not fixed because it is possible that a teenager’s foot size could still increase, or they could even possibly grow taller. This, however, is not the case for adults.
Several theories have been proposed to explain the enigma of Paleolithic cave art. Some researchers claim cave paintings were “art for art’s sake” or a means of recording historical events. Others support the hunting magic theory, which proposed that prehistoric hunters would paint animals and show them being speared or captured on the cave’s walls to ensure their capture and slaughter in the real world. Another theory was popularized by French researcher Andre Leroi-Gourhan. He hypothesized that cave art represented sexual symbols (Feder 238).
I agree with some of the historians she chooses. Like Calvin Martin, he said the Indians do a fur-trade because of the holy war of revenge they are doing. Hunting animals is sacred to Indians, so when they hunt, they do a ritual first to connect with the spirit of the animals. Even in my own culture, we didn’t hunt just for fun or sport. We hunt for food and resources.
These scenes were all painted by Michelangelo between 1508 and 1512. The smaller scenes are the logical consequences of the larger scenes. It is remarkable how much Michelangelo’s talent shines through but even more remarkable is that the Pope gave him freedom to depict the Genesis stories with free reign of his imagination paired with his knowledge of the Bible and of contemporary culture. Over the four year period he worked mostly in solitude, he was only thirty three years old. In each of the scenes depicted there are very impressive facial expressions.
The statues were found in early 1970’s in a dark cavern in Xian, located in Shangxi province (Capek, 2008). Radiocarbon dating ascertains that the sculptures date back to the third century. The idea of recreating a whole army is incredible in the sense that no one remotely had thought of such an idea before. At first, the finding was kept in secret from the rest of the world, but it quickly turned out that archaeologists had run into a discovery that they claimed to be the most significant one in the history of sculpture (Man, 2008). This find caused fascination all over the world, since it was the only exact copy of a life-sized army created by humanity.
(PowerPoint) They drew pictures of animals, family members, and events that happened. Some scientists think that because cavemen had no written language they communicated their stories by using pictures instead. For example, if the people had a really successful hunt, they would tell the story of that in their paintings. Many things we know about cave people were from the carvings in the wall because the pictures told their story. a.
By the Upper Paleolithic (ending approximately 10,000 BCE), Neanderthal man had disappeared completely, and our ancestors were exhibiting fully modern behaviors such as making a wide range of even more sophisticated tools out of stone, bone, and ivory; hunting and fishing; and creating various forms of art such as figures and cave paintings. In the absence of a written language, early humans were still able to communicate and express themselves, and their spirituality, using pictures instead of words. They could record the locations of successful hunting grounds and invoke the animal spirits to aid them in their endeavors. Cave Paintings Cave paintings are the oldest form of Paleolithic art found to date, and can be found on almost every continent in the world. Until recently, the Chauvet cave paintings in France were believed to be the oldest, dating back to approximately 32,000 BCE; however, using carbon dating of the calcium deposits formed over the mineral-based paint, the cave paintings found in Spain’s are now believed to be over 40,000 years old [ (Than, 2012) ].