It runs down the center of the protective spinal column which runs from the neck to the lower back. The nerves in the spinal cord 8. transmit information from body organs and external stimuli to the brain. It sends information from the Cerebellum Is the area of areas of the body. These transmissions travel in two pathways one
7. Spinal cord The mid dorsal line of the body. This has spinal nerves that leave the cord. Provide means of communication between the brain and spinal nerves. Also provides reflex actions.
The diencephalon is between the cerebrum and midbrain. It contains several organs like the thalamus, hypothalamus, and pineal gland. The thalamus receives all sensory stimuli except smell and relays them to the cerebral cortex along with regulating consciousness, sleep and alertness. The hypothalamus, located below the thalamus, is responsible for certain metabolic processes and other autonomic nervous system activities like body temperature, sleep, and appetite. The pineal gland extends from the back portion of the diencephalon.
It is located in the left and right sides of the cerebrum. It is believed to be responsible for hearing, senses, language, learning, memory storage, auditory perception, speech, and complex visual perceptions. It is one of the four subdivisions of the cerebral cortex. Located in the rear of the cerebrum, it s one of the four major areas of the upper brain. It is primary responsible for vision and reading.
The brain stem (midbrain pons and medulla oblongata) Controls involuntary reflex actions The cerebellum Maintains posture and co-ordinates movement. It received messages from the cerebrum and muscles and joints The diencephalon (includes the thalamus and hypothalamus Controls homeostatic mechanisms and the autonomic nervous system The cerebrum The largest part of the brain, divided into three areas that control movement, interpret sensory impulses and control of thought, memory, emotions and personality traits Nerves Nerves are compiled of neurons or nerve cells. These cells can vary in structure this depends on two different things: 1. Where they are 2. What they do But all cells have cell body’s containing the nucleus.
It helps the transfer of information from short term memory into long term memory. (Willingham, 2007) The brain also helps with problem solving and reasoning skills. In order for cognitive functioning in the brain to work correctly it needs to be able to transmit signals from the left hemisphere to the right hemisphere. When signals are received from the left side of the body they go to the right side of the brain and visa versa. The brain also helps coordinate movement.
Neuron Structure Your brain is made of approximately 100 billion nerve cells, called neurons. Neurons have the amazing ability to gather and transmit electrochemical signals -- they are something like the gates and wires in a computer. Neurons share the same characteristics and have the same parts as other cells, but the electrochemical aspect lets them transmit signals over long distances (up to several feet or a few meters) and pass messages to each other. Neurons have three basic parts: * Cell body - This main part has all of the necessary components of the cell, such as the nucleus (contains DNA), endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes (for building proteins) and mitochondria (for making energy). If the cell body dies, the neuron dies.
Unit 7 Assignment 2: The Effects of Selected Drugs and Diseases on the Central Nervous System 1. The CNS otherwise known as the Central Nervous System is comprised of the brain which is continuous with the spinal cord. Since the CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord it is protected by the hard bony skull and vertebral column. (Pages 418- 420) 2. The BBB also known as the Blood Brain Barrier which in conjunction with the Cerebrospinal Fluid or CSF is what nourishes and protects the cells of the CNS.
It provides nutrients and serves to cushion the brain and therefore protect it from injury. As this fluid gets absorbed, more is produced from the choroid plexus, a structure located in the ventricles. A brain tumor can cause a build-up or blockage of CSF. Four Ventricles of the brain are connected cavities within the brain, where cerebrospinal fluid is produced. Four Ventricles of the brain are connected cavities within the brain, where cerebrospinal fluid is produced.
The occipital lobes (the lower back head region) are employed with special recognition and vision. The cerebellum (behind the brain stem) deals with balance, movement coordination, and posture. AD targets specific nerve cells (neurons) in the cerebellum. These lost neurons are regenerated by the hippocampus of the brain. It also regulates emotions and is a part of the cerebral cortex that deals with smell.