A few examples of this are: * Making them feel worthless or unloved * Valued as if they only meet the needs of another person * Inappropriate expectations imposed on them, whether through an individual’s age or development which causes the individual to feel frightened quite frequently or corrupt the individual 1d. financial abuse – This type of abuse is similar if not the same as stealing from an individual, or defacing peoples belongings or properties. It can also be where someone takes advantage of your money or restricts the use of an individual’s finances. 1e. Institutional abuse – This type of abuse is where the individuals are mistreated which is brought on by poor quality of care or poor support, affects the whole care setting.
Indicators that Alison is being abused may be anxiety and reluctance to do certain things, sleeplessness, withdrawal from activities once participated in, anger, fears and phobias, distress or tearfulness, comforting behaviours e.g. rocking, low self-esteem, weight loss/gain, anti-social or destructive behaviour or a sudden change in her behaviour. An example of her being psychologically abused was her lack of social life. Maclean et al (2007) The Abuse of Vulnerable Adults, What Care Workers Need To Know. Kirwin Maclean Associates.
* Institutional abuse: The mistreatment of people brought about by poor or inadequate care or support. * Self-neglect: Neglect of one’s physical well-being, leading to physical, mental or emotional harm. * Neglect by others: The failure to provide necessary care or assistance that causes a person’s physical, mental or emotional harm. 1.2 Identify the signs and/or symptoms associated with each type of abuse: * Physical abuse: Hitting, slapping, pushing, pinching, force feeding, kicking, burning, scalding, misuse of medication or restraint. * Sexual abuse: Bruises, scratches, bite marks, self injury, aggression, anxiety.
Emotional/psychological abuse, this could be bullying, threatening behaviour, lowering self esteem, exploitation, verbal abuse and swearing. Financial Abuse, this could be theft of money or valuables, misappropriate use of a person's finances and denying access to a person's finances. Institutional Abuse, this could be the misuse of authority over a vulnerable person in a health and social care setting, failure to maintain professional boundaries, inappropriate use of medication, physical restraint, and lack of privacy, humiliation and bullying. Self-neglect, this could be self-harming behaviour like refusing to eat or drink, neglecting personal hygiene or toilet needs and actual body harm like cutting oneself. Neglect by others, this could be not taking care of the basic needs of an individual like toileting, washing, feeding and personal care.
Self-neglect happens when a person fails to care for themselves and is likely to cause themselves physical, mental or emotional When this occurs the individual neglects to wash, feed and clothe themselves appropriately. Neglect by others happens when a person/s physical, emotional and medical needs are not being met. Carers who fail to give a high standard of care whether it be from inadequate training to negligence can cause a vulnerable person to
Forms of abuse which may be experienced by adults Types of abuse Abuse is mistreating another person by violating a person’s human and civil rights. The abuse can vary from treating someone with disrespect in a way which significantly affects the person's quality of life, to causing actual physical suffering. Abuse can happen to anyone, even in a healthcare setting such as, a residential or nursing home, a hospital, at a day care centre or an education environment, in supported housing or in the street. Vulnerable people are more at risk of being abused, such as people with learning, sensory or physical disability, older people who are more dependent on help from others. People with mental health problems or with dementia.
Question A-1 Describe in your own words what is meant by the following types of abuse. Types of abuse are as follows: * Physical: Injury to the physical body * Verbal: Using words to cause emotional or psychological distress * Sexual: Uninvited or unwanted sexual activity * Emotional: Feelings of distress caused by words or actions * Psychological: Thoughts of distress cause by words or actions * Financial: Misappropriation of finances * Institutional: A culture of accepted abusive conduct within an institution * Neglect: Knowingly not fulfilling the duty of care * Self neglect: The individual knowingly neglects his own well-being * Grooming: Slow progressive steps to desensitize an individual to abuse Question A-2 Identify signs and symptoms of the different types of abuse. Physical abuse: Hitting, kicking, pulling hair, pinching, scratching, shaking or burning, giving too much or not enough medicine, lifting badly causing injury, holding down or stopping from moving around, menacing looks, pulling faces. Signs and symptoms: The individual has unexplained breaks, cuts, bruising, injury or hair loss. Verbal abuse: Threatening, shouting, swearing, giving rude gestures, name calling, starting rumours or telling lies about an individual, doing any of the above through social media or technology.
* Sexual abuse: This is when the victim has not given consent to a sexual activity, or does not have the understanding or ability to refuse consent also they might feel forced by another person because of their authority of over them. * Emotional/ psychological abuse: This is when the victim experiences bullying, name calling, intimidation and mental cruelty that results in them experiencing mental or physical distress. * Financial abuse: This is when the victims’ money or personal processions are not used for their benefit but are used by another person for personal gain. * Institutional abuse: This is when the needs of the victim are overridden by a situation or routine that ignores their personal needs. * Self neglect: This is when a service user is unable to care for themselves and can also be a result of physical and mental health issues.
The symptoms can include overly sexualised behaviour, self harm, anxiety, depression, urinary infections, or being withdrawn when in social settings. Emotional Abuse: When a person is subject to abuse in the form of name calling, insults, bullying and general mistreatment that would affect their emotional wellbeing. People who experience emotional abuse can become withdrawn, have a low self worth, loss of trust, and depression. Financial Abuse: When a person abuses another person for monetary gain. Things that can constitute as financial abuse are stealing, borrowing money or property without the person’s knowledge or permission, and denying access to a person’s finances.
Physical abuse can result in psychological distress such as depression, emotional distress and even thoughts of suicide. Signs of physical abuse include bruises, grab marks, burns, cuts, depression, swelling and injuries that doesn't fit the explanation. Sexual abuse (Molestation) is the forcing of undesired sexual behaviour by one person upon another. According to research, people with disabilities are at greater risk of victimization of sexual abuse due to a lack of understanding. Even though the number of cases are high, a lot will go unnoticed this is because of a number of factors including not being able to communicate effectively, lack of education or understanding regarding sex and being socially isolated and not having a way of telling someone other than the abuser in confidence.