One group in particular is contracting and dealing with the disease at an alarming rate. African American women are contracting the disease 15 times higher than that of their white counter parts and 4 times higher than that of Hispanic women (El-Bassel N). Although the disease can affect anybody, why is a specific group targeted more than any other group? African American women are disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The lack of prevention interventions that address African American women plays a critical role as to why the epidemic continues to spread.
Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is an asbestos caused cancer, in which asbestos enters the lungs in microscopic particles, and stay dormant in the lungs from ten to fifty years. Even though most Mesothelioma cancers take place in the lungs, it is not limited to a certain area. After all; it is a malignant cancer. Because of mesothelioma’s great latency period, treating mesothelioma is difficult, but there is hope in recent research and clinical trials. Since symptoms of Mesothelioma, such as lower back pain or side chest pain and there are frequent reports of shortness of breath, difficulty swallowing, or have a persistent cough, fever, weight loss or fatigue, take so long to show, most people are diagnosed between the ages of fifty and seventy.
Lupus is most common in women ages 15 to 40, and a higher incident after puberty. Persons suffering from lupus experience different signs and symptoms from the disease- no two lupus patients are alike. The most common signs and symptoms of lupus in persons include: Fatigue and low grade fever, join and muscle pain (swelling or stiffness), and skin lesions that worsen with sun exposure. Dry eyes, memory loss, confusion, headache, chest pain or shortness of breath are other presentation or symptoms of the disease. Lupus is a multisystem disease, can affect different body systems, from skin lesions to kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart, and
4) There are four major types of melanoma skin cancer, Superficial spreading melanoma, Nodular melanoma, Lentigo maligna melanoma, and Acral lentiginous melanoma. Superficial spreading melanoma is the most common type of melanoma, it comes in different shades of black and brown and it is usually irregular and flat. It may also occur at any age or anywhere on the body, is most common in Caucasians. Nodular melanoma is a dark blackish-blue or bluish-red raised area, but sometimes it doesn’t have a color to the raised area. Lentigo maligna melanoma occurs in the elderly, and is most common in sun-damaged skin on the face, neck, and arms.
Zachary Mayo Skin Cancer Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States. The two most common types are basal cell cancer and squamous cell cancer. They usually form on the head, face, neck, hands and arms. Another type of skin cancer, melanoma, is more dangerous but less common. Anyone can get skin cancer, but it is more common in people who * Spend a lot of time in the sun or have been sunburned * Have light-colored skin, hair and eyes * Have a family member with skin cancer * Are over age 50 You should have your doctor check any suspicious skin markings and any changes in the way your skin looks.
II. Etiology is Unknown: Possible Causes A. Viruses are the proven etiological agent in some animal leukemias, and may well be the causative agent in some human leukemias as well. B. Marrow damage due to irradiation increases the frequency of some leukemias, but not others.
The most common type of pancreatic cancer, accounting for 95% of these tumors, is adenocarcinoma. This arises within the exocrine component of the pancreas. Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, and the eighth worldwide. Pancreatic cancer has an extremely poor prognosis: for all stages combined. According to the American Cancer Society, for all stages of pancreatic cancer combined, the one-year relative survival rate is 20%, and the five-year rate is 4%.
The other 10 percent of cases result from new mutations in one of the genes and occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family. Although one altered copy of a gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder, an additional mutation in the second copy of the PKD1 or PKD2 gene may make cysts grow faster and increase the severity of the disease. The rate at which cysts enlarge and cause a loss of kidney function varies widely, and may be influenced by mutations in other, as yet unidentified, genes. Polycystic kidney disease also can be inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. People with this form of the condition have two altered copies of the PKHD1 gene in each cell.
It is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States, and is most common in people in their late teens or early 20’s. By age 50, at least eighty percent of women will have contracted the HPV virus (Dyer). Currently, there are one-hundred know HPV types. However, only thirty-seven are transmitted through sexual contact. HPV types 6 and 11 can cause genital warts, but most genital HPV infections never surface or cause symptoms. On the other hand, type 16 and 18 cause about seventy percent of all cervical cancers.
Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle cell anemia affects many people in the United States, but African Americans are more likely to be affected by the chronic disease than any other ethnicity. In this analysis of sickle cell anemia, the following will be discussed to help in educating the public about the chronic disease: background, population affected, psychosocial challenges, research projects, community based programs, and interventions. Background People who have sickle cell anemia have abnormal blood cells and sickle shaped which makes it unable to carry sufficient oxygen (Hamann, 2007). The only way an individual can get sickle anemia is through inheriting it from both parents with sickle cell trait (National Heart, Lung, & Blood Institute (NHLBI), n.d.). In addition, sickle cell anemia causes severe pain and damages many organs (Creary, Kulkarni, & Williamson, 2007).