There was a rise in the formation of classical civilizations in the world from 100 BCE - 500 CE. A classical civilization is a highly organized civilization that has contributed to our daily lives today in their developments in culture, technology, philosophy, politics, and art. These civilizations create foundations for later civilizations. China and India were both considered to have classical civilizations. India and China were somewhat similar in their economic systems in that trading networks were developed which helped to provide great wealth for each civilization.
A difference and similarities in administrative techniques used in Han China and Rome can be seen when looking at the emperors and legislative bodies. In Han China, the emperors where given the right to rule by the “Mandate of Heaven” which made all populous of the empire obey the ruler with out much question, giving him “the same obedience that children gave their fathers.” In contrast, Roman Consuls were placed into power by either their family right or by appointment of the previous Consul. Conflict grew between those who were appointed by the previous Consul and with those who had the family right making choosing the next emperor very tricky and often caused
The barbarians were on attack to take over China. With the ruling of emperors and the military forces that are strictly taught, they helped defend China. China’s culture was the first to define out of the Asian cultures everywhere. There were many adaptations of new ideas. First, China adapted to Buddhism mainly but some were Christians.
Politics and Economics in China and India The Han dynasty and the Gupta dynasty were two important dynasties of early foundation. The Han dynasty arose in 206 B.C.E after the collapse of the Qin dynasty due to rebellions. Liu Bang quickly restored order to China, making the Han dynasty one of the longest and most influential dynasties in history. China relied greatly on politics, and its centralized government to keep the dynasty together for over 400 years. The Gupta dynasty arose in northern and central India, as well as parts of modern day Pakistan and Bangladesh after the nomadic Kushan Empire of India declined.
Although during the classical era there was a small break in the dynastic cycle it came back with the rise of the Tang dynasty, which was the dynasty that came to power after the three hundred years of chaos. Although there was much political pandemonium throughout China, the people still clung to the ideas and values that had existed in Chinese history for hundreds of years. For example, the teachings of Confucius continued to be taught and accepted. Confucianism is sometimes viewed as a philosophy and sometimes viewed as a way of life which was taught by Confucius in China between six hundred B.C. and five hundred B.C., Confucianism has been adhered to by the Chinese for more then two millennia now.
For the Qing Dynasty, which came to power in the mid 1640’s, they adopted many ideas and bureaucratic practices from the very government they overthrew, the Ming. Johnathan Spence’s novel, “Treason by the Book”, describes a very highly developed and highly sophisticated method of Bureaucracy is practiced by the Qing Emperor and his council. This example of success and bureaucratic practice can be seen similarly though with the Ottoman Empire as well. For instance, both dynasties had to find a successful way to rule over a vast area of land that wasn’t fortunate enough to be populated by the same ethnic group. China had to incorporate Manchu’s and Han Chinese, while the Ottoman Empire had to incorporate Turks and Muslims, among others.
One thing they had in comen was that they both had natural barriers separating them from other meager civilizations. Another major similarity was that religion played a big role in leaders staying in power because in china the Zhou claimed that gods gave them the through as long as they guided the people wisely and called their rule “mandate of the havens” and in Egypt it was believed that the pharah was a god on earth and he was son of Re. Finally another similarity is that they both depended on annual floods for the grouth of there crops. Differences: even doe Egypt and china have many things in common they also differ a lot. A way they differ is that Egypt has more of a dry flat land and china is mostly raised wet land.
China is a bustling nation, but could it be the next world superpower? For one it certainly has potential, with the army, manpower, technology, and money they sure could rise to the top at any rate. Not only does china have all of this, but America still owes them money and they also make everything for America, they could cut off this supply line if they needed to which could lead to problems for the great young nation. China could undeniably be a world superpower in the near future or further. Like stated China has the man power to do just about anything quickly even working on extremely large projects could be a breeze for china.
-The defeat was part of a larger rebellion that began after the First Emperor's death. -The people were dissatisfied with the tyranny of the Qin leaders and their legalist form of government. -Chinese history portrays the Han as having implemented many changes to the government, evidence shows that the Han continued to rule in the tradition of the Qin, only gradually incorporating Confucian ideals into their legalist form of government. - rose after the rebellions of the Ch’in (stage one) - (stage two) Wu Ti (emperor) brought new economic policies, built canals, established granaries for surplus grain, increased taxes on merchants, created government monopolies (salt, copper coins, iron & liquor) - Debate on monopolies after Wu Ti’s death: “Salt & Iron Debate” - Legalists said: state should enjoy profits from salt & iron - Confucians said: leave resources in private hands for moral purity (government would be corrupted by dealings with merchants) - Confucian ideas begin to influence the legalists (emperors see Confucian scholars as bookish) - Confucian ideas shaped the moral of men w/o external restraints
Was the Confucian teachings impacted by the same synthesis that occurred after the fall of the Qin? The focus of this paper is to discuss the changes that occurred to Confucianism as a direct result of the Qin and how Han Confucianism differs from that of the Zhou. The Qin dynasty was undoubtedly the most ruthless period that China had ever experienced, but they had done something which no other