Intraspecific variation, on the other hand, is the differences that occur within a species (i.e. hair/eye colour in humans). Individual may look similar to each other and including identical twins, there are no two individuals that are the same. Therefore it is caused by either an individual’s genetics or the environment. It can also be a combination of the two (“Genetics + Environment = Variation”, this can also be referred to as “Genotype + Environment = Phenotype”, this is because phenotype which is the visible characteristics of an individual can be affected due to changes in the environment (i.e.
What do Punnett squares illustrate? (genetic crosses) 6. Is the exchange of chromosome segments between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I (crossing over) 7. How many copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype? (2) 8.
These traits are carried on alleles, and we are given one by each parent. If both alleles have the same trait, then you are homozygous for the gene. If there are two different alleles, then you are heterozygous for the gene. A particular gene can be dominate, which means it will express. However we often share hidden traits as well, called recessive traits.
It helps differentiate between a male and a female subject by showing the size difference between the chromosomes. For example, the sex chromosomes for a female are two long same size chromosomes and a sex chromosomes fofr a male have one long chromosome and a short chromosome. 4. Besides the diploid/haploid life cycle, what are the other two sexual life cycles? The two other sexual life cycles are for plants and some algae and most fungi and some protists.
The nature or nurture debate is concerned the with the contributions of genetic inheritance, and environmental factors to human development. The nature theory says, although traits such as as eye and hair colour and genetics diseases are determined by genes, that there are also different qualities, for example, Intelligence, Personality, Homosexuality. Some others would say that, we learn or discovers all them above. We learn and improve our intelligences, we probably inherit certain personality traits from the things/people around us and some people may be curious of their preferences,
A25. Obtaining a significant heritability estimate implies that there is some genetic influence on a trait - the size of the influence is indicated by the size of the heritability estimate. A heritability estimate is just that, an estimate. A different population, or different study conditions could find quite a difference in the estimate. This is also true of other statistics, such as means and variances.
Decreased variation leads to a reduced ability to respond to a changing environment. Darwin developed three kinds of theory of natural selection. Those are struggle for existence, variation and role of the environment. Survive of the fittest is the result of differences in rates of survival and reproduction. Darwin reasoned that natural selection could eventually cause isolated populations of the same species to becme separate species as they adopted to their different enviroments.
Gene-environment interaction influence on personality Gene-environment interaction influences personality because an individual’s genes and the environment that a person is in makes up the traits and personality of a person. “A term used to indicate that an effect is due to a mixture of environmental factors (nurture) and genetic factors (nature). Most traits show gene-environment interactions, such as myopia, IQ test results, skin colour etc. Blood type and iris color are predominantly genetically transmitted, whereas language is predominantly environmental” ("Gene-environment interaction," n.d.). Individual’s personality and traits are determined by the gene-environment interaction.
The Darwin/Wallace theory of natural selection and isolation provides a mechanism for adaptive radiation. If groups of a population become isolated, the chances are high that they will encounter differing selective pressure as each environment evolves independently. Eventually, the two populations may have changed sufficiently that they become different species.For example, the biodiversity of flora and fauna that are unique to Australia are the result of adaptive radiation. When Australia separated from Gondwana, the organisms then evolved due to selective pressure from the changing environment. This supports the Darwin/Wallace theory of evolution.Adaptive radiation can lead to both divergent evolution and convergent evolution.Divergent evolution occurs when closely related species experience quite different environments and as a result vastly different characteristics will be selected.
This means that the child has to receive two recessive genes, one from each parent. “Children are born with sickle cell hemoglobin, which they inherit from their parents. Individuals may be carriers who have sickle cell trait or may actually have sickle cell disease. People who inherit only one sickle cell gene are carriers, but people who inherit two sickle cell genes have sickle cell disease” (WebMD). Sickle Cell Anemia is a genetic disease that affects blood cells.