The Decline Of Gregor's Humanity

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The defining factors which separate humans from animals are the ability to interact on psychological, emotional, physical and social planes. Man’s aptitude to understand and interpret complex psychological and emotional situations is a characteristic which belongs only to the human race. While physical characteristics are specific to each species, only man poses the distinct trait of an erect torso. The combination of these psychological and physical traits, allow humans to behave on a social level enabling them to contribute to society. Franz Kafka’s short story Metamorphosis tells the plight of Gregor Samsa, a contributing individual in society who, one day wakes to find himself transformed into a giant insect. Though physically Gregor loses the trait of standing erect almost immediately, his ability to engage on a psychological and emotional level deteriorates at a much slower rate. Finally, his need to stay socially engaged is one that Gregor maintains in order to stay part of the human world. In the metamorphosis, Kafka shows the decline of Gregor’s humanity through the loss of his physical, psychological and finally, social characteristics which define global humanity. Kafka amplifies the abrupt change in Gregor by removing the most noticeable physical traits first. When Gregor first awakes in his bed his assumption is that he can function as he always did: as a human. “First he wanted to stand up quietly and undisturbed, get dressed” ( Kafka 3), in order to go to work like he did every other day. Like any human needing to function at full capacity, “he needed arms and hands to push himself upright. Instead of these, however, he had only small limbs….which, in addition, he was unable to control” (3). Kafka’s initial human trait that he chooses to take from Gregor is his ability to stand erect. In doing so he has removed the most noticeable human
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