Searching for Shylock

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Searching for Shylock The complex character of the Jewish moneylender, Shylock, in William Shakespeare’s play The Merchant of Venice, continues to inspire both loathing and sympathy in readers and audiences today. Some view Shylock as greedy, money-worshipping, vengeful, lecherous, cruel and merciless, while others understand him to be humanly flawed, a man reviled for his religious beliefs, robbed of his dignity and who, finally, at a trial that has been described as “a mockery of justice” (Wikipedia 2012), is stripped of his wealth. In relation to these conflicting views of Shylock, I intend to explore the character of the man in order to reach my own satisfactory personal conclusion. We are first introduced to Shylock in Act I, Scene III, where he talks with Bassanio, the adored friend of Antonio (the title character of the play), who requires a sum of three thousand ducats so that he may suitably present himself as a suitor to the beautiful Portia of Belmont, a wealthy heiress. Antonio, whose ships are all out at sea and who does not presently have the cash to help his friend, “promises to cover the bond if Bassanio can find a lender” (eNotes 2012). It is here, in a public place in the flourishing commercial city of Venice, that Bassanio approaches Shylock with a request to borrow the money, informing the lender that his devoted friend, the merchant Antonio, will stand as the loan’s guarantor. Shylock agrees to lend the money without interest but “against a bond whereby failure to repay the loan on the agreed date will entitle [him] to a pound of Antonio’s flesh” (Bate et al 2010:416). Before Antonio (a Christian) and Shylock enter into this contract, there already exists between them a mutual hatred, and it serves us well to place this relationship into its proper context. Shakespeare, writing for an English audience during the reign of Elizabeth I,

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