The Demise of Mayan Civilization

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Mystery of the Mayans Ernest L. Dent Dr. Alan Rogers Lithonia Campus Humanities 111 March 26, 2012 Strayer University Mystery of the Mayans The Ancient Mayan Civilization began around the year 1800 BC. The Mayan culture existed around the Yucatan Peninsula and modern-day Guatemala, until it started to collapse, and disappear around 800 to 900AD. The Maya civilization was one of the most dominant indigenous societies of Mesoamerica (a term used to describe Mexico and Central America before the 16th century Spanish conquest). The Maya reached their peak during the Classic Period with about 40 cities, and a population of 2,000,000 people. They built great stone cities and monuments that have fascinated explorers and scholars of the region. There were three periods of Mayan history, the Pre-Classic 300BC-250AD, Classic Period 250AD-900AD, and the Post Classic after 900AD (Robert Paul Miller 1985). Archaeologists have several theories for the collapse of the Mayan Empire, but it still remains a mystery today. There are several theories Scientists and Archeologist believe to be the cause of the Mayans’ demise. The Drought theory is one archaeologist believes to be the root cause of chronic food and water shortage. A combination of natural drought and deforestation buy humans could cause terrible consequences. Without Trees, erosion would have worsened, carrying away fertile topsoil. The warming temperatures would have dried out the land, making it even less suitable for raising crops (Dr. Tom Sever – Nov. 15, 2004). The Systemic ecological collapse is another theory focuses on the worsening agricultural and resource conditions in the late Classic period. It was originally thought that the majority of Maya agriculture was dependent on simple slash-and-burn system. Based on this method, the hypothesis of soil exhaustion was advanced by Orator F. Cook in 1921.

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