Therefore, the presence of an individual produces positive reinforcement as they have a more attractive appeal. This theory also suggests that we are attracted to people if we meet them whilst we’re in a good mood, an example being at a party. As a result, previously neutral stimuli become positively valued as they are associated with the pleasant event, therefore meaning that we learn to like people through classical conditioning. Griffit and Guay (1969) conducted a study to investigate how the reward/need satisfaction theory works and how well it is acceptable. Participants were evaluated on a creative task by an experimenter.
Byrne and Clore said the balance of feelings was crucial in formation of relationships. A study to support RNS would be by Griffit and Guay. They found that the participants who received positive feedback rated the onlookers positively. This supports the RNS because participants had associated their positive event of being rated highly to their positive feeling of being happy and therefore rated others positively. Another study to support RNS would be the biological support presented by Aron et al.
Supporting evidence for the importance of the reward theory is derived from Griffitt and Guay. They carried out research where participants were evaluated on a task by an experimenter, followed by completing a rating on how much they liked the experimenter. Higher ratings were given when participants had been positively evaluated. This shows that the positive evaluation was a form of reward that made participants feel happy and therefore more attracted to the experimenter. This suggests that reward is an important basis from which romantic relationships may form.
Byrne and Clore (1970) proposed the reward/need satisfaction model. According to this model, we form relationships with people simply because we find them rewarding, It is suggested that we are rewarded in two ways: operant conditioning (through direct reinforcement) and classical conditioning (through association). Argyle (1992) suggests individuals who are rewarding are liked the most. An example of positive reinforcement may be through non-verbal signals such as smiling; this is a sign of liking. We may also be negatively reinforced by an individual helping us in our ‘time of need’.
Individuals tend to search for others who have the same personality as their own. Extraverts are social and enjoy developing and maintaining interpersonal relationships (Personality and Interpersonal Relationships, n.d.). Extraverts seek out relationships and hold them to a higher quality. Individuals with the agreeableness trait are altruistic and strive for good relationships with others. They are sympathetic and provide emotional support for others in their network.
When an expert gives their advice to someone that person usually follows that advice. * Referent Power is a person who is identified by their desirable resources and personal traits. When a person develops admiration for another they desire to be like that person. One way someone can achieve Referent Power is by having Charisma. If someone likes, respects or admires another it is because they are trying to please that person.
Some sang about stories that they related to, and some sang about their culture and where they came from. It was very entertaining overall. The Humanistic perspective of psychology was very interesting to me, as I can relate to it, and it makes some very optimistic assumptions as well. According to the book Perceptual Psychology, Humanism can be described in some very simple ways. Humanistic psychology begins with the basic assumptions that objects of a person's experience is central and that people possess free will.
Outline and evaluate one theory on the formation of relationships One theory on the formation of relationships is called ‘the reinforcement affect model’ from Byrne and Clore (1970). It refers to the ability of another person to reward or punish us directly (operant conditioning) or to become associated with reward or punishment (classical conditioning). The affect part of the model refers to the emotions that arise in us as a result of that reinforcement. The model suggests that we enter a relationship because the other person is positively reinforcing (i.e. they create positive feelings in side us) which makes them more attractive to us, or alternatively takes away negative feelings inside us (such as unhappiness) by making us laugh when
They are happy with what they do and are typically working at their highest levels of productivity. These engaged employees have energy, are highly motivated and their energy contributes more to the positive culture. Innovation and creativity are welcomed - a strong, positive organizational culture is known to stimulate innovation and creativity. This, in turn, can create new products or services or improve internal processes and productivity. Teamwork creates synergy - everyone wants to be and
Also there's conflict between user choice and duty of care that can be resolved with a risk assessment. 3.2 Positive feedback can be given any time, either in public or private. Positive feedback is where we praise a desired attitude, behaviour or performance. The effect of positive feedback is that the person is encouraged to repeat this behaviour and is also motivated to improve. It also builds self confidence and self esteem in the individual.