Theories of Nursing

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Compare and Contrast Two Nursing Theorists Callista Roy’s model is that of adaptation, which is an ever-changing point made up of different stimuli tailored to each individual and their specific needs. Dorothea Orem’s model is self-care, which is a human function that is deliberate in providing the necessary means for a productive and healthy life and development. These theories guide nurses to use the power of observation and interpersonal skills in doing an individualized assessment of each patient. NURSING THEORISTS WORKSHEET Nursing Theorist | Theoretical Framework (metaparadigm) | Theory Summary | Application to Nursing Practice | Nightingale, Florence | Environmental theory, Theory of practice | Ventilation, light, warmth, and noise level are essential in creating a safe environment for patients. Nightingale believed in treating the person itself and not just the disease. | Her theory of practice served as the foundation for the promotion of health. Her theory guided the practice of professional nursing. | Benner, Patricia | Primacy of caring | The practice of nursing depends on the experience learned from engaging in the 5 practice areas (novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert). | The nursing levels reflect movement from reliance on past abstract principles to the use of past concrete experience as paradigms and change in perception of situation as a complete whole in which certain parts are relevant. | Henderson, Virginia | Definition of nursing | This theory shows nursing assisting patients with 14 essential functions toward independence. The theory basically is saying that the nurse needs to get inside the patients skin or mind and anticipate what they need in order to get well and gain back their independence. | Nurses have a unique function of not only caring for their patients but helping them to gain back

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